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Poor diet in early childhood affects the amount of neurons in parts of the brain.[1] Nutritional neuroscience: is the scientific discipline that studies the role of various components of the average diet such as protein, carbohydrates, and fats, dietary supplements and synthetic hormones, and food additives have on neurochemistry, neurobiology, and behavior. Recent research on nutitrional mechanisms and their effect on the brain show they are involved in almost every facet of neurological functioning including alterations in neurotrophic factors, neural pathways and neuroplasticity, throughout the life cycle.[2] Factors involved in both maternal and paternal nutrition can affect gene expression via a process known as epigenetic mutation. These mutations alter the gene's expression without structural changes to the underlying DNA. These changes can be passed on to future generations as shown in the Överkalix study conducted in Sweden. Nutritional effects on epigentic mechanisms occurring in utero can cause a variety of complications throughout the child's life.[3] References ^ Bedi KS.Nutritional effects on neuron numbers. Nutr Neurosci. 2003 Jun;6(3):141-52. PMID 12793518 ^ Dauncey MJ.New insights into nutrition and cognitive neuroscience.Proc Nutr Soc. 2009 Nov;68(4):408-15. Epub 24 August 2009. PMID 19698201 ^ Mathers JC. Early nutrition: impact on epigenetics.Forum Nutr. 2007;60:42-8.PMID 17684400 This medical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v • d • e