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Part of a series on Eastern culture Cinema Cuisine Medicine Philosophy Religion Eastern world v · d · e For this article's counterpart regarding the West, see Western world or Western culture. The term Eastern world refers very broadly to the various cultures or social structures and philosophical systems of "the East" or geographically the Eastern Culture. These are namely Asia: the Indian subcontinent, the Far East, the Middle East/Near East, and Central Asia sometimes including many Orthodox Christian regions like Russia, Eastern European countries, although these are considered more of zone which is both Eastern and Western depending upon the context of discussion. Contents 1 Introduction 2 Eastern culture 3 References Introduction An image of the "Eastern world" defined as Asia. An image of the "Eastern world" defined as the "Far East", consisting of three overlapping cultural blocks: East Asia, Southeast Asia, and South Asia. The distribution of the two major families of world religion, Dharmic religion and Abrahamic religion, highlights the cultural difference between the Far East and the rest of the world. The division between "East" and "West" is a product of European cultural history, and of the distinction between European Christendom and the alien cultures beyond it to the East. With the European colonization of the Americas the East/West distinction became global. The concept of an Eastern, "Indian" (Indies) or "Oriental" sphere was emphasized by ideas of racial as well as religious and cultural differences. Such distinctions were articulated by Westerners in the scholarly tradition known as Orientalism and Indology. People from the East are known by certain regions in the West as "Oriental". During the Cold War, the term "Eastern world" was sometimes used as an extension of Eastern bloc, connoting the Soviet Union, China and their communist allies, while the term "Western world" often connoted the United States and its NATO allies such as the United Kingdom. The concept is often another term for the Far East—a region that bears considerable cultural and religious commonality. Eastern philosophy, art, literature, and other traditions, are often found throughout the region in places of high importance, such as popular culture, architecture and traditional literature. The spread of Buddhism and Hindu Yoga is partly responsible for this. Eastern culture Main article: Culture of Asia Eastern culture has developed many themes and traditions. Some important ones are: Eastern religion, Eastern philosophy Far Eastern religions Confucianism—social hierarchy where position is based upon merit as determined through the imperial examination system. This social hierarchy promoted respect for elders and authority, and valued harmony within family. Far Eastern Buddhism Shinto Taoism—concepts of good and bad energy, the connectedness of mind and body and nature, etc. Indian religions Buddhism—path of liberation attained through insight into the ultimate nature of reality Hinduism- an umbrella term for religious sects native to India Jainism Sikhism—A religion that developed in the warring plains of Punjab in an atmosphere of ideological clash between Islam and Hinduism. Its followers retain spiritual as well as martial qualities. The Middle East, today largely coterminous with the Islamic world Christianity — like other Abrahamic religions like Judaism and Islam, originates in the Middle East, where it is now a small minority religion. Islam—the majority of the world Muslim population have always lived in Asia, due to Islam spreading and becoming the dominant religion of these areas. Judaism — although not as much of a presence as it once was, Judaism still exists in Asia (see Mizrahi Jews). Zoroastrianism, the monotheistic of Sassanid Persia Oriental medicine Ayurveda Chinese medicine Traditional Tibetan medicine Traditional Korean Medicine References This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2009) Ankerl, Guy (2000) [2000]. Global communication without universal civilization. INU societal research. Vol.1: Coexisting contemporary civilizations : Arabo-Muslim, Bharati, Chinese, and Western. Geneva: INU Press. ISBN 2-88155-004-5.