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edit Polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide C, 33kDa Identifiers Symbols POLR2C; RPB3; RPB31; hRPB33; hsRPB3 External IDs OMIM: 180663 MGI: 109299 HomoloGene: 2017 GeneCards: POLR2C Gene EC number 2.7.7.6 Gene Ontology Molecular function • DNA binding • DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity • protein kinase activity • protein dimerization activity Cellular component • nucleus • nucleoplasm • nucleoplasm • DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, core complex • cytoplasm Biological process • nuclear mRNA splicing, via spliceosome • DNA repair • transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair • nucleotide-excision repair • transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter • transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter • transcription elongation from RNA polymerase II promoter • transcription elongation from RNA polymerase II promoter • mRNA capping • protein phosphorylation • RNA splicing • gene expression • viral reproduction • positive regulation of viral transcription Sources: Amigo / QuickGO RNA expression pattern More reference expression data Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 5432 20021 Ensembl ENSG00000102978 ENSMUSG00000031783 UniProt P19387 n/a RefSeq (mRNA) NM_032940.2 NM_009090.5 RefSeq (protein) NP_116558.1 NP_033116.2 Location (UCSC) Chr 16: 57.5 – 57.51 Mb Chr 8: 97.38 – 97.4 Mb PubMed search [1] [2] DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the POLR2C gene.[1] This gene encodes the third largest subunit of RNA polymerase II, the polymerase responsible for synthesizing messenger RNA in eukaryotes. The product of this gene contains a cysteine rich region and exists as a heterodimer with another polymerase subunit, POLR2J. These two subunits form a core subassembly unit of the polymerase. A pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 21.[2] Interactions POLR2C has been shown to interact with TAF15,[3] POLR2F,[4] POLR2G,[4] POLR2H,[4] POLR2J,[4][5] POLR2K,[4] POLR2L,[4] ATF4,[6] CCHCR1,[7] POLR2A,[4] POLR2B,[4] POLR2E[4] and Myogenin.[5] References ^ Acker J, Mattei MG, Wintzerith M, Roeckel N, Depetris D, Vigneron M, Kedinger C (Aug 1994). "Chromosomal localization of human RNA polymerase II subunit genes". Genomics 20 (3): 496–9. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1208. PMID 8034326.  ^ "Entrez Gene: POLR2C polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide C, 33kDa". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5432.  ^ Bertolotti, A; Melot T, Acker J, Vigneron M, Delattre O, Tora L (Mar. 1998). "EWS, but not EWS-FLI-1, is associated with both TFIID and RNA polymerase II: interactions between two members of the TET family, EWS and hTAFII68, and subunits of TFIID and RNA polymerase II complexes". Mol. Cell. Biol. (UNITED STATES) 18 (3): 1489–97. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 108863. PMID 9488465.  ^ a b c d e f g h i Acker, J; de Graaff M, Cheynel I, Khazak V, Kedinger C, Vigneron M (Jul. 1997). "Interactions between the human RNA polymerase II subunits". J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 272 (27): 16815–21. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.27.16815. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 9201987.  ^ a b Corbi, Nicoletta; Di Padova Monica, De Angelis Roberta, Bruno Tiziana, Libri Valentina, Iezzi Simona, Floridi Aristide, Fanciulli Maurizio, Passananti Claudio (Oct. 2002). "The alpha-like RNA polymerase II core subunit 3 (RPB3) is involved in tissue-specific transcription and muscle differentiation via interaction with the myogenic factor myogenin". FASEB J. (United States) 16 (12): 1639–41. doi:10.1096/fj.02-0123fje. PMID 12207009.  ^ De Angelis, Roberta; Iezzi Simona, Bruno Tiziana, Corbi Nicoletta, Di Padova Monica, Floridi Aristide, Fanciulli Maurizio, Passananti Claudio (Jul. 2003). "Functional interaction of the subunit 3 of RNA polymerase II (RPB3) with transcription factor-4 (ATF4)". FEBS Lett. (Netherlands) 547 (1-3): 15–9. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(03)00659-8. ISSN 0014-5793. PMID 12860379.  ^ Corbi, Nicoletta; Bruno Tiziana, De Angelis Roberta, Di Padova Monica, Libri Valentina, Di Certo Maria Grazia, Spinardi Laura, Floridi Aristide, Fanciulli Maurizio, Passananti Claudio (Sep. 2005). "RNA polymerase II subunit 3 is retained in the cytoplasm by its interaction with HCR, the psoriasis vulgaris candidate gene product". J. Cell. Sci. (England) 118 (Pt 18): 4253–60. doi:10.1242/jcs.02545. ISSN 0021-9533. PMID 16141233.  Further reading Jeang KT (1998). "Tat, Tat-associated kinase, and transcription.". J. Biomed. Sci. 5 (1): 24–7. doi:10.1007/BF02253352. PMID 9570510.  Yankulov K, Bentley D (1998). "Transcriptional control: Tat cofactors and transcriptional elongation.". Curr. Biol. 8 (13): R447–9. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(98)70289-1. PMID 9651670.  Romano G, Kasten M, De Falco G, et al. (2000). "Regulatory functions of Cdk9 and of cyclin T1 in HIV tat transactivation pathway gene expression.". J. Cell. Biochem. 75 (3): 357–68. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4644(19991201)75:3<357::AID-JCB1>3.0.CO;2-K. PMID 10536359.  Marcello A, Zoppé M, Giacca M (2002). "Multiple modes of transcriptional regulation by the HIV-1 Tat transactivator.". IUBMB Life 51 (3): 175–81. doi:10.1080/152165401753544241. PMID 11547919.  Stevens M, De Clercq E, Balzarini J (2007). "The regulation of HIV-1 transcription: molecular targets for chemotherapeutic intervention.". Med Res Rev 26 (5): 595–625. doi:10.1002/med.20081. PMID 16838299.  Harrich D, McMillan N, Munoz L, et al. (2007). "Will diverse Tat interactions lead to novel antiretroviral drug targets?". Current drug targets 7 (12): 1595–606. doi:10.2174/138945006779025338. PMID 17168834.  Kato H, Sumimoto H, Pognonec P, et al. (1992). "HIV-1 Tat acts as a processivity factor in vitro in conjunction with cellular elongation factors.". Genes Dev. 6 (4): 655–66. doi:10.1101/gad.6.4.655. PMID 1559613.  Pati UK, Weissman SM (1990). "The amino acid sequence of the human RNA polymerase II 33-kDa subunit hRPB 33 is highly conserved among eukaryotes.". J. Biol. Chem. 265 (15): 8400–3. PMID 2187864.  Southgate C, Zapp ML, Green MR (1990). "Activation of transcription by HIV-1 Tat protein tethered to nascent RNA through another protein.". Nature 345 (6276): 640–2. doi:10.1038/345640a0. PMID 2190099.  Wu-Baer F, Sigman D, Gaynor RB (1995). "Specific binding of RNA polymerase II to the human immunodeficiency virus trans-activating region RNA is regulated by cellular cofactors and Tat.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92 (16): 7153–7. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.16.7153. PMC 41297. PMID 7638159.  Herrmann CH, Rice AP (1995). "Lentivirus Tat proteins specifically associate with a cellular protein kinase, TAK, that hyperphosphorylates the carboxyl-terminal domain of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II: candidate for a Tat cofactor.". J. Virol. 69 (3): 1612–20. PMC 188757. PMID 7853496.  Keen NJ, Gait MJ, Karn J (1996). "Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 Tat is an integral component of the activated transcription-elongation complex.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93 (6): 2505–10. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.6.2505. PMC 39827. PMID 8637904.  Yang X, Herrmann CH, Rice AP (1996). "The human immunodeficiency virus Tat proteins specifically associate with TAK in vivo and require the carboxyl-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II for function.". J. Virol. 70 (7): 4576–84. PMC 190394. PMID 8676484.  Agostini I, Navarro JM, Rey F, et al. (1996). "The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr transactivator: cooperation with promoter-bound activator domains and binding to TFIIB.". J. Mol. Biol. 261 (5): 599–606. doi:10.1006/jmbi.1996.0485. PMID 8800208.  Zhou Q, Sharp PA (1996). "Tat-SF1: cofactor for stimulation of transcriptional elongation by HIV-1 Tat.". Science 274 (5287): 605–10. doi:10.1126/science.274.5287.605. PMID 8849451.  Okamoto H, Sheline CT, Corden JL, et al. (1996). "Trans-activation by human immunodeficiency virus Tat protein requires the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93 (21): 11575–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.21.11575. PMC 38099. PMID 8876177.  Chun RF, Jeang KT (1996). "Requirements for RNA polymerase II carboxyl-terminal domain for activated transcription of human retroviruses human T-cell lymphotropic virus I and HIV-1.". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (44): 27888–94. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.44.27888. PMID 8910388.  Parada CA, Roeder RG (1996). "Enhanced processivity of RNA polymerase II triggered by Tat-induced phosphorylation of its carboxy-terminal domain.". Nature 384 (6607): 375–8. doi:10.1038/384375a0. PMID 8934526.  García-Martínez LF, Ivanov D, Gaynor RB (1997). "Association of Tat with purified HIV-1 and HIV-2 transcription preinitiation complexes.". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (11): 6951–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.11.6951. PMID 9054383.  This article on a gene on chromosome 16 is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.v · d · e